Canada’s Immunity Programme, formally released by the Competition Bureau in September 2000, has been a highly effective enforcement tool, encouraging early disclosure of competition offences that may otherwise be difficult to detect, such as international cartels.

Under the programme, immunity from prosecution is available to the first party to disclose evidence of criminal anti-competitive activity of which the Bureau was either not aware or may not be in a position to effectively prosecute without cooperation from a participant in the illegal conduct. In practice over the past five years, the procedures and considerations employed by the Bureau under the programme closely resemble those of the U.S. Amnesty Programme.

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