Cartel enforcement proceedings have increased exponentially in recent years due to the introduction of competition laws in new jurisdictions, greater cooperation and coordination among international competition law authorities and, most importantly, the proliferation of effective amnesty, leniency and immunity programs ("Leniency Programs"). Leniency Programs in particular are quickly becoming synonymous with anti-cartel enforcement to international authorities. Members of the International Competition Network are learning from the experience of other enforcement agencies and the lawyers who represent Leniency Program applicants in order to prevent conflicts and uncertainty and encourage the proliferation of both anti-cartel legislation and effective Leniency Programs worldwide.

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